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Predators
Continental Shelf

Green moray eel
Nocturnal by nature, the Green moray eel (Gymnothorax funebris) normally ventures out from the caves and rocks when being fed (fish, crabs and shrimp). Known for their poor daytime vision, they rely on their keen sense of smell for hunting. Their green color is a result of the yellow mucous that covers their blue-gray body. The continuous opening and closing of the mouth is an action necessary in order to breathe, not threaten. Although their sharp teeth cause them to look dangerous, moray eels are quite docile animals.


White-spotted bamboo shark
Bottom-dwelling White-spotted bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium plagiosum) are native to the Indo-Western Pacific Ocean. They prefer shallow water close to shore and can often be found in tide pools. The body is dark brown or blackish with numerous white spots. Their mouth is in front of the eyes and the nose is above the mouth. Barbels or sensory organs are attached to each nostril. The diet of the White-spotted bamboo shark includes invertebrates. They lay eggs (oviparous) that can often be seen on the bottom of the exhibit. Bamboo sharks are not considered dangerous to humans and are fairly common; however, they are regularly fished commercially. If this continues, a more threatened status is likely.


Goliath grouper
The Goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara) is the largest member of the sea bass family. They can weigh 800 pounds (363 kg) and reach lengths of 8 feet (2.4 m). Goliath groupers are extremely sluggish predators, feeding on crustaceans, lobsters, stingrays, turtles and fish. They are generally found inshore but occasionally are found in deeper waters. Groupers are able to vibrate a membrane inside their body to produce a thunderous sound that can be heard for great distances. This enables them to fend off intruders and to locate others of the same species. Even though they have a lifespan of 30 to 50 years, the Goliath grouper is critically endangered due to overfishing and loss of habitat.


Queen triggerfish
The Queen triggerfish (Balistes vetula) is a very beautiful but aggressive fish. The body color varies from shades of purple, blue, green and turquoise, while the lower half is yellowish orange. Two bright blue stripes extend from the mouth to the base of the pectoral fin. Blue lines, outlined in yellow, radiate from the eyes. Reaching up to 20 inches (51 cm) in length, their main prey are sea urchins, which are turned over in order to eat the contents of the body. They are common from Massachusetts to Brazil, including Bermuda, the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico.


Lionfish
The flamboyant Lionfish (Pterois volitans) is named for its large pectoral fins that resemble a lion's mane. The highly venomous dorsal spines ward off predators. They are usually found in the Indo-Pacific region. This spectacular fish inhabits channels, lagoons and semi-protected seaward reefs to depths of over 120 feet (36 m).


French angelfish
The French angelfish, (Pomacanthus paru) can be found in the coral reefs in the western Atlantic from Florida to Brazil. As a juvenile, this fish is strikingly colored with bright yellow stripes on a black body. As it matures, the French angelfish loses the stripes and becomes grayer in color with a hint of yellow. Adults can reach 16 inches (40 cm) in length. Their diet consists of algae, sponges and other invertebrates.



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